Poland operates one of Europe's most structured translation certification systems. The profession of tłumacz przysięgły (sworn translator) is regulated by the Ustawa z dnia 25 listopada 2004 r. o zawodzie tłumacza przysięgłego (Act of 25 November 2004 on the Profession of Sworn Translator). Under this law, only translators who have passed the state examination administered by the Ministry of Justice's Examination Board, taken a formal oath before the Minister of Justice, and been entered on the official register (lista tłumaczy przysięgłych) may produce legally binding translations for official use in Poland.
The register, maintained by the Minister of Justice and publicly accessible through the Ministry's Public Information Bulletin (Biuletyn Informacji Publicznej), currently lists approximately 14,000 sworn translators covering dozens of language pairs. Each sworn translator receives a unique registration number and an official round seal (pieczęć okrągła) bearing their name, language combination, and the designation 'tłumacz przysięgły.' Every sworn translation must include the translator's seal, handwritten signature, and repertorium number — a sequential entry in the translator's official register of all translations performed.
Importantly, Polish sworn translators bear heightened criminal liability for errors and omissions, unlike regular translators who face only civil liability. This strict accountability framework ensures the highest standards of accuracy. For documents destined for Polish domestic authorities — courts, civil registry offices (Urzędy Stanu Cywilnego), the Office for Foreigners (Urząd do Spraw Cudzoziemców), or voivodeship offices — only sworn translations carry legal validity. For international use at USCIS, UK Home Office, IRCC, or credential evaluation agencies, DoVisa's certified translations meet all acceptance requirements without the sworn translator designation.







